We use citations to communicate information about our resources with our audience and other researchers. By citing, we're letting the reader know that we're not claiming work that isn't ours. We're also giving them the information they need to locate our sources and to learn more about these ideas should they be interested in learning more.
Citation:
Avoiding Plagiarism - Cite Your Source (n.d.). Retrieved from https://integrity.mit.edu/handbook/citing-your-sources/avoiding-plagiarism-cite-your-source
Turabian is the ~student~ version of The Chicago Manual of Style and aims to simplify some of the quirks of Chicago.
Don't forget to indent your footnotes & bibliography
For a deeper dive into Chicago, check out Purdue's Online Writing Lab (OWL).
Website Content Without Author
Note
1. "Thoughts and Sentiments on the Evil Slavery: Middle Passage," World History Commons, accessed March 9, 2023, https://worldhistorycommons.org/thoughts-and-sentiments-evil-slavery-middle-passage#doc_transcription.
Bibliography
World History Commons. "Thoughts and Sentiments on the Evil Slavery: Middle Passage." accessed March 9, 2023. https://worldhistorycommons.org/thoughts-and-sentiments-evil-slavery-middle-passage#doc_transcription.
Website Content With Author
Note
1. Kate Marijolovic, "What Does a Healthy Campus Actually Look Like? A New Study Offers Ideas," Chronicle of Higher Education, March 13, 2023, https://www.chronicle.com/article/what-does-a-healthy-campus-actually-look-like-a-new-study-offers-ideas.
Bibliography
Marijolovic, Kate. "What Does a Healthy Campus Actually Look Like? A New Study Offers Ideas." Chronicle of Higher Education. March 13, 2023. https://www.chronicle.com/article/what-does-a-healthy-campus-actually-look-like-a-new-study-offers-ideas.
Found on Website
Note
1. Morning Chronicle and London Advertiser, "Jamaica Intelligence," August 1, 1788, Caribbean Religious Trials, ed. Diana Paton et al., https://www.caribbeanreligioustrials.org/CaseSource/Details/2295.
2. Médéric-Louis-Elie Moreau de Saint-Méry, "Voodoo," 1797, Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité: Exploring the French Revolution, ed. Jack Censer, and Lynn Hunt, https://revolution.chnm.org/exhibits/show/liberty--equality--fraternity/item/514.
Bibliography
Moreau de Saint-Méry, Médéric-Louis-Elie. "Voodoo," 1797. Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité: Exploring the French Revolution, ed. Jack Censer, and Lynn Hunt, https://revolution.chnm.org/exhibits/show/liberty--equality--fraternity/item/514.
Morning Chronicle and London Advertiser. "Jamaica Intelligence," August 1, 1788. Caribbean Religious Trials, ed. Diana Paton Gemma Romain, Maarit Forde, Jennifer Kain, Helen McKee, and Suzie Thomas. https://www.caribbeanreligioustrials.org/CaseSource/Details/2295
Letter
Note
1. Hannah Storer Green to Abigail Smith, 1763-1764, Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/04-01-02-0011.
2. George Thompson to Blodwen Davies, April 23, 1934, Canadian Mysteries, Library and Archives Canada/Bibliotheque et Archives Canada, https://www.canadianmysteries.ca/sites/thomson/investigations/
1933-1949/4983en.html.
Bibliography
Green, Hannah Storer to Abigail Smith, 1763-1764. Founders Online. National Archives. https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/04-01-02-0011.
Thompson, George to Blodwen Davies, April 23, 1934. Canadian Mysteries. Library and Archives Canada/Bibliotheque et Archives Canada. https://www.canadianmysteries.ca/sites/thomson/investigations/1933-1949/4983en.html.
Cartoons
Note
Benjamin Franklin, "Join or Die," illustration, The Pennsylvania Gazette, May 9, 1754, from Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Online Catalog, https://loc.gov/pictures/item/2002695523/.
Bibliography
Franklin, Benjamin. "Join or Die." Illustration. The Pennsylvania Gazette, May 9, 1754. From Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Online Catalog. https://loc.gov/pictures/item/2002695523/.
Podcasts:
Notes
1. Alyssa Jeong Perry et al., "Screams and Silence," March 24, 2021, in Code Switch, produced by NPR, podcast, MP3 audio, https://www.npr.org/2021/03/23/980437156/screams-and-silence.
Shortened Notes
2. Perry et al., "Screams and Silence."
Bibliography Entries
Perry, Alyssa J., Shereen M. Meraji, Gene Demby, Kumari Devarajan, Jess Kung, and Leah Donnella, "Screams and Silence," Produced by NPR. Code Switch. March 24, 2021. Podcast, MP3 audio. https://www.npr.org/2021/03/23/980437156/screams-and-silence.
Click on the image or link to see a full-scale PDF of the cheatsheet.
Single Author
Note
1. Gloria Ladson-Billings, "Pushing Past the Achievement Gap: An Essay on the Language of Deficit," in "Celebrating the Legacy of 'The Journal': 75 Years of Facilitating Excellence in Black Education," special issue, Journal of Negro Education 76, no. 3 (Summer 2007): 319, https://www.jstor.org/stable/40034574.
2. Gloria Ladson-Billings, "Toward a Theory of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy," American Educational Research Association 32, no. 3 (Autumn 1995): 468, https://www.jstor.org/stable/1163320.
Bibliography
Ladson-Billings, Gloria. "Toward a Theory of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy." American Educational Research Association 32, no. 3 (Autumn 1995): 465-491.
Ladson-Billings, Gloria. "Pushing Past the Achievement Gap: An Essay on the Language of Deficit." In "Celebrating the Legacy of 'The Journal': 75 Years of Facilitating Excellence in Black Education." Special issue, Journal of Negro Education 76, no. 3 (Summer 2007): 316-323. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40034574.
Two - Three Authors
Note
1. Jin Soo Chung and Delia Neuman, "High School Students' Information Seeking and Use for Class Projects," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 58, no. 10 (June 2007): 1505, https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20637.
2. Moira Cachia, Siobhan Lyman, and Rosemary Stock, "Academic Success: Is It Just About the Grades?" Higher Education Pedagogies 3, no. 1 (October 2018): 435, https://doi.org/10.1080/23752696.2018.1462096.
Bibliography
Cachia, Moira, Siobhan Lyman, and Rosemary Stock. "Academic Success: Is It Just About the Grades?" Higher Education Pedagogies 3, no.1 (October 2018): 434-439. https://doi.org/10.1080/23752696.2018.1462096.
Chung, Jin Soo, and Delia Neuman. "High School Students' Information Seeking and Use for Class Projects." Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 58, no. 10 (June 2007): 1503-1517. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20637.
Four or More Authors
Note
1. Daegon Cho, et al., "Television Singing Competitions Create Stars? Empirical Evidence from the Digital Music Chart in South Korea," Journal of Cultural Economics 43, no. 1 (March 2019): 15, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10824-018-9327-3.
2. Lorena M. Salto, et al., "Underrepresented Minority High School and College Students Report STEM-Pipeline Sustaining Gains After Participating in the Loma Linda University Summer Health Disparities Research Program," PLoS ONE 9, no. 9 (September 2014), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108497.
Bibliography
Cho, Daegon, Seok Ho Lee, Yeawon Yoo, and Hyo-Youn Chu. "Television Singing Competitions Create Stars? Empirical Evidence from the Digital Music Chart in South Korea." Journal of Cultural Economics 43, no. 1 (March 2019): 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10824-018-9327-3.
Salto, Lorena M., Matt L. Riggs, Daisy Delgado De Leon, Carlos A. Cassiano, and Marino De Leon. "Underrepresented Minority High School and College Students Report STEM-Pipeline Sustaining Gains After Participating in the Loma Linda University Summer Health Disparities Research Program." PLoS ONE 9, no. 9 (September 2014), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108497.
Note
1. Allyson Chiu, "How California is Using Recent Floods to Prepare for Future Drought," Washington Post, March 15, 2023, https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-solutions/2023/03/15/california-groundwater-recharge-drought/.
2. Will, George F., "Expensively Credentialed, Negligibly Educated Stanford Brats Thew a Tantrum," Washington Post, opinion, March 15, 2023, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2023/03/15/stanford-law-school-protest-kyle-duncan-federalist/.
3. Brian X. Chen, Nico Grant, and Karen Weise, "How Siri, Alexa and Google Assistant Lost the A.I. Race," New York Times, March 15, 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/15/technology/siri-alexa-google-assistant-artificial-intelligence.html.
Bibliography
Chen, Brian X., Nico Grant, and Karen Weise. "How Siri, Alexa and Google Assistant Lost the A.I. Race." New York Times, March 15, 2023. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/15/technology/siri-alexa-google-assistant-artificial-intelligence.html.
Chiu, Allyson. "How California is Using Recent Floods to Prepare for Future Drought." Washington Post, March 15, 2023. https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-solutions/2023/03/15/california-groundwater-recharge-drought/.
Will, George F. "Expensively Credentialed, Negligibly Educated Stanford Brats Thew a Tantrum." Washington Post, opinion, March 15, 2023. Expensively Credentialed, Negligibly Educated Stanford Brats Thew a Tantrum.