We use citations to communicate information about our resources with our audience and other researchers. By citing, we're letting the reader know that we're not claiming work that isn't ours. We're also giving them the information they need to locate our sources and to learn more about these ideas should they be interested in learning more.
Citation:
Avoiding Plagiarism - Cite Your Source (n.d.). Retrieved from https://integrity.mit.edu/handbook/citing-your-sources/avoiding-plagiarism-cite-your-source
Turabian is the ~student~ version of The Chicago Manual of Style and aims to simplify some of the quirks of Chicago.
Don't forget to indent your footnotes & bibliography
For a deeper dive into Chicago, check out The Chicago Manual of Style website.
Book with One Author
Note:
Shortened Note*:
Bibliography:
Author Last, First. Book Title. Publisher, Year.
* You use shortened notes when you have cited a source earlier in your writing. Your book title should also be abbreviated; there isn’t a right or wrong way, but make sure you’re consistent.
Chapter in Edited Book
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography:
Author Last, First. “Title of Chapter.” In Book Title, edited by First Last. Publisher Name, Year.
Primary Source found in a Secondary Source:
Note*
Bibliography:
Author Last, First. Book Title. Publisher, Year.
*For primary sources found in a secondary source, make sure to cite the primary source in your footnote. The bibliographic entry behaves like normal.
E-Book*
Note**:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography:
Author Last, First. Book Title. Publisher, Year. Vendor/Format.
*For e-books, you need to specify which vendor you used, such as Apple Books, Kindle, Google Play Books, or EPUB if the PDF is accessed through a library database.
** If the e-book format is not fixed, use a chapter to indicate where you’re citing from in the book.
Book with Two Authors
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography:
Author First Last and 2nd First Last, Book Title (Publisher, Year), page number(s).
Book with Three or More Authors
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography:
Author Last, First, 2nd First Last, and 3rd First Last, Book Title (Publisher, Year), page number(s).
Translated Book
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography:
Author Last, First. Book Title. Translated by First Last. Publisher Name, Year.
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography:
Author Last, First., “Title of the Article.” Journal Title volume #, no. issue # (Season/Month Year): page number(s). URL.
JOURNAL ARTICLE 2 AUTHORS
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography:
Author Last, First, and 2nd Author First and Last. “Title of the Article.” Journal Title volume #, no. issue # (Season/Month Year): page number(s). URL.
JOURNAL ARTICLE 3 OR MORE AUTHORS
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography:
Author Last, First, 2nd Author First Last, and 3rd Author First Last. “Title of the Article.” Journal Title volume #, no. issue # (Season/Month Year): page number(s). URL.
You only need to cite legal/public documents in your footnotes.
Cases and Court Decisions*
* When using a shortened note for court cases, italize the shortened version of the case title.
U.S. Supreme Court Decisions
*at signifies the page number where in the document you can find the direct quotation
Lower Federal Cases
Legislative & Executive Docs
Bills and Resolutions
Unpublished docs in U.S. Archives
WEBSITES WITHOUT AUTHOR
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography
Website Title.“Title of the Specific Webpage/Article.” Accessed date. URL.
WEBSITES WITH AUTHOR
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography
Author Last, First. “Title of the Specific Webpage/Article.” Website Name. Publishing Organization, accessed date. URL.
YOUTUBE VIDEO:
Note:
Shortened Note:
Bibliography:
Author Last, First. “Title of the Video.” Name of the Publishing Channel. Publication date. video, URL.